Yes, this has been a problem with weed blocking fabric for many years. I see it in many yards and have heard professionals talk about it. There are several issues.
There will always be edges. The fabric, even when permeable will funnel water to edges and seams giving plants more water there and weed growth. Same thing happens at the edges of roads and sidewalks, cracks in concrete, etc...
Once down and gravel or whatever is placed on top organic material starts to collect on top, composts and a perfect place for plants to grow. Non-permeable material like plastic collects water so the plants can grow on top. Wood mulch for example is sometimes added and it makes a great compost for plants. So you get a few years of few weeds and then more and more.
Holes will be created over time from install, creatures digging, people digging. Some plants can grow in those holes and thanks to the fabric be very hard to remove.
Over time the fabric tends to become exposed in places, UV destroys it, more plants get in.
The biggest issue is once this fabric is installed and starts to fail it can be very difficult to remove.
Some landscapers I respect refuse to use these products anymore. But many homeowners insist on its use because it sounds good. It's good marketing. IMO the best thing to do is to make something that is long lasting and is realistic in expectations. You will get weeds. Best to make them super easy to pull. For me that is done with sand. I add enough sand to the soil so the soil won't compact. That can be even 100% sand if level and washing away isn't a risk. Easy to pull weeds from sand and the fast drainage (hopefully) reduces the window for a weed to get going so fewer weeds. I also like high and low spots so weed seeds tend to wash down into low spots where I can have a deep bed of sand. 4-12" if possible.
Keeping after the weeds is best too. Easier to remove a 3 day old weed compared to giving them a month long head start.