How much footprint can you give the project? Looking at your slope, away from the patio, I think I'd plan to build a garden block retaining wall (the big ones) 4-6' outside of the footprint of the pond. Once the pond is complete, you can plant the space between the liner and the wall to make the wall disappear from the patio.
This might also save you a lot of yard space and fill import. An earthen berm needs to be pretty darn wide to look reasonably natural.
As for preventing runoff into the pond from the patio, there are two solutions.
If you're going to add boulders, you can place the tops of the boulders 6-12" above the level of the patio. That will allow the liner to come a few inches below that and then back fill a berm from the top of liner back to the patio to create a drainage gulley. You'll need the liner to be a good 2' from the edge of the patio to accommodate that.
Another option would be to install a linear drain (exposed) or perforated drain pipe (below river rock) right at the edge of the patio to catch runoff and redirect it to the end of the patio or wherever would take it out past the liner and head downhill. That would allow the liner to be installed a lot closer to the edge of the patio and would be my choice.
You should tell us more about the size and construction style you're thinking, though.